bplist00U_WebSubresources_WebMainResource !%)-159=AEIMQ _WebResourceResponse_WebResourceData^WebResourceURL_WebResourceMIMETypeOEbplist00 Y$archiverX$versionT$topX$objects_NSKeyedArchiver _WebResourceResponse )/0780#Ae=#Aƹ<ǀ*+!-.WNS.base[NS.relative_-http://www.listserv.uga.edu/images/top-nl.gif1234X$classesZ$classname456UNSURLV%NSURLXNSObjectYimage/gif9:;=>?HQZNS.objectsWNS.keys@ABCDEFGIJKLMNOP VServer]Last-Modified]Accept-RangesZConnectionTDate^Content-LengthTEtag\Content-Type_Apache/2.0.52 (Red Hat)_Mon, 10 Jan 2000 21:51:02 GMTUbytesUclose_Sat, 09 Feb 2008 19:12:31 GMTT7142_"17b20-1be6-98691d80"12bccd6_NSMutableDictionary\NSDictionary12fgg6_NSHTTPURLResponseInternal12ijjk6_NSHTTPURLResponse]NSURLResponse$)2DILbd!-/13chq|).=BOi"'+?lMOGIF87aW]ڟԏp`P@0 ˿ƿp`{{{sssrPpppkkke@ccc```ZZZX0RRRPPPK JJJBBB@@@>9991111000)))!!! ,W]Ժ %%+--!-6?<3%$$-26@@:/!ʭH(ǿ ((„ $f1 C 8Rd!(LIfv+pHϟ@ cȋq-cʬԦRr.AЫXjmDNJ \jYPF [ʝaa=˷/Z2QB"ÈG0džc@ @xؘQ̾#LӨScEPN cI۸q/!"`lIg yi24vq-e0\߸[B{(1=,;# Y  !_+0A6C8+Z 2p}{#`+ *K#Vpد?NGǟu@G: ,?یA`pa!ڰ@ І3DD _C0?qP@`b%k lP/ J>G >eH g'Cq& @$@T: T6 %byD4 A4biEc!#h1R@,BT BhL@BT>h39dT1>B0T>`1RPA8ۉ`B:1͏ 4;?s&pD)Nju"0W>T[5DcfImF 29S5vD&VQKR?%!X*QT%q aUR:L*ZMBDp,V eX Dkl3U"|uo^Rݳ.} PWz W.!& w_ k&+Mg'78`$̞((Āe*g9-PIYT䖔,M{kBโ.@G%%{B\W>P b0ؐu׻5 TSRhPR]>`bjx}^_T8ݪ7?"42 jCXhB-(f3+a`?M2|z1ˇocQ/ !טBFj!TLʤ @&DsZC5<a21.#hLy9KFRE9 ]hocy>x23<ƀkkl\S lĦlVlkuk>6klZvPhgMeUXG*t{}B~~5ei~4xrvWBf}v,(`/1*G3gjkE{ö{9KӕlB6gd3cfK9{S>HNG]1|eW|L70:h1+Xք|>Ȉ}W*牋~;gXPrpU|p0>|3i1;q"/IƐzCdDduwxg{E`s0$l0@{pLP%8X_0(:ʼn%|8XwNTh[_p 6@>$- GSiHIq2d6Ut/\eds<%(XTyl$l⸐uEM}ugJK9L="'v4fZwTpxFQ(LYJEU ق0"9W+`T_$Z]P5% Bn(džIWdžqh:ف7O OD(tiPnW DP7M9Nt}ؐq˜E |*0MʐڷPwg `Ы$QQx5BsŰkY/`lF7/vBzK*K=ՓH*o`_%M{R-ϤNeEv&PQ @hFŏQZVDصmce~"j>kZ'*XYu@ &K8zY%ZM$jx{9fB`d\<!¶`sʳ];bUI_v`jU saI* x֯t17P^;L.ٮe|9|L JP3- @k :d'ֽÀ~J{'{cʝ3bl_3ػԺuhEM& RDxe6(eOɛuQ_C 0 e"̼Xx !b:ױҦ[eP\Gѕ]+s[2P͖ >+W^kªŵG̒Pp\Wr&Vf*ЎE=(M[q|i{̉gp@,/|l*q*",;j0JOtXJ,fP/Ȏ^, }G1+`Vu7C&|Q/o pUBP~l4W<ZLt&` Xɕ\ ׾ti4 tr6+ 55ʈCCL5bpϖDFpF[`yYo GM Xē FOdMnp X''|v$rЄH2xl"ZB2ÝFp 56 tԑ0MDx"7%71L'quj<4{d GyxvRYL򷂰8XMC7,%jeMS j'E <U}kj^- [ז-ł pRM\'0Z!x?ɗ;P^I7@С@1kW\}׍jA>dFp©,dԉ%LBmZ"w% :<6iUM@ӋC+ڇ+b˗SQt;}:=ަLcOLEٳ]ރqV7ɱq)0~[0~X$eR&'-4rN_X ^jH9b?P*7>n  Ü<a6K|Lj4)p%&@Qڎ]$(!I2X96cca)B#uRȄ"Pq鲓DC5W5?ZP? FMn30ϡڜ~}B.#]:N蹡+0α#-Q+@~^RMND21-q~1S(6*7d~qCp嵾1b)o:JWRA/5APAPP=`0=A,`f!<<>@fH) 쯍:AMMM0o 5`CboIA!`bnp6!FxOL X e## `## 00~. 3_>1j/A.ϮY?~V?S ?p &r(CrI@$T$ErI'.5IKP$/TIKPRR~9]=MMAM(KM#F99MK#IMI,MMA(KI=M0AA%@??6 $::<%/$ ?C%0-Aψ%KFhR+Gzc!K<  2PP=<8ni LА$<MN#Ij$ &.9ǵׯ_#LxHl&PP˃ &LB`'Hln D m-=+^_!H`,1I3ElUfKGh4K5Xp $65hQqZ{VpunEQOKN=_MV;a 2l" e'iB8mw?pl8o؎ $< HMЙ }S*҄4$a l4oEs5i!+A2K9W,E{lp{)a^ J9CBD#a9md!0$tb\#!Dnf2'4a @ yo}^@( gbCnW%T`f)3qDqIO%|*{t}"iH'4b߆H !#8 JM iD!P}΀MB k}fq0cH)h 0,D,',eX$-H҉*~2 +.A$K ι4TmtCYuGV6`!e_3`':omxȀbX-Ђ +(y_DЗČ7K`됣6A)Se=.15?+M0&^ZzkѕyP2d` :̰Ʈ'0xD{%_tY`{ͼ+( +kǟXRACdݐ˒kت>ٲץ91*} 3C K"`CGH0t/ nH) OHRa20(f͂8 HD0,,&:P};_-http://www.listserv.uga.edu/images/top-nl.gifYimage/gif OBbplist00 Y$archiverX$versionT$topX$objects_NSKeyedArchiver _WebResourceResponse )/0781H#Ae=ޏ#AƹoVɀ*+!-.WNS.base[NS.relative_/http://www.listserv.uga.edu/images/blueline.gif1234X$classesZ$classname456UNSURLV%NSURLXNSObjectYimage/gif9:;=>?HQZNS.objectsWNS.keys@ABCDEFGIJKLMNOP VServer]Last-Modified]Accept-RangesZConnectionTDate^Content-LengthTEtag\Content-Type_Apache/2.0.52 (Red Hat)_Mon, 10 Jan 2000 21:50:51 GMTUbytesUclose_Sat, 09 Feb 2008 19:12:31 GMTR72_"17b11-48-97c144c0"12bccd6_NSMutableDictionary\NSDictionary12fgg6_NSHTTPURLResponseInternal12ijjk6_NSHTTPURLResponse]NSURLResponse$)2DILbd ,.02dir}*/>CPj$(<lJOHGIF87aX1,X!ڋ޼H扦ʶ Ls;_/http://www.listserv.uga.edu/images/blueline.gif ODbplist00 Y$archiverX$versionT$topX$objects_NSKeyedArchiver _WebResourceResponse )/0785RC#Ae==#Aƹ7鸀*+!-.WNS.base[NS.relative_-http://www.listserv.uga.edu/images/navbar.gif1234X$classesZ$classname456UNSURLV%NSURLXNSObjectYimage/gif9:;=>?HQZNS.objectsWNS.keys@ABCDEFGIJKLMNOP VServer]Last-Modified]Accept-RangesZConnectionTDate^Content-LengthTEtag\Content-Type_Apache/2.0.52 (Red Hat)_Mon, 10 Jan 2000 21:50:57 GMTUbytesUclose_Sat, 09 Feb 2008 19:12:31 GMTT1347_"17b19-543-981cd240"12bccd6_NSMutableDictionary\NSDictionary12fgg6_NSHTTPURLResponseInternal12ijjk6_NSHTTPURLResponse]NSURLResponse$)2DILbd!-/13chq|).=BOi!&*>lLOCGIF87aL˿p`rPe@X0K >1,L $dihlp,tmx|pH$!$<)X:BQl)@W>$t,G/"Htv*Y" E|&~ t# &y#z9)%.@x=$w(SC&":*#ķ,n$5" g  UԴ b"H#涍gA'$1Έ; Z% ǩn T^/| O|DLԉ6cH(U1^E |̀ΰR]V P"%(XUA`Tɖe\LD)Vl@Qe@f")5H\#̨jeiYg%K)ԥe]D8ֲК[ *$1[u,z6Ci@@ Aa!= `Ղ. 8@6,jaoFeQ|-GAFzetO-KHp SthA]KMF&u$@#y,pIv$طO;}uaAVBH&b^'2A"(ćBh߇L" MƗ) )2m'@P K d SLֈZΨC\rIAzvzJ@k Rx#$Iʶ}曃 S(%)D:X͒_4uG!gYA4QiG4yd[:X^z@;U Bzv4PɯKK5hpQ.ni+M{t~#Ae=9#Az !*+!-.WNS.base[NS.relative_8http://www.listserv.uga.edu/archives/images/ls1-prev.gif1234X$classesZ$classname456UNSURLV%NSURLXNSObjectYimage/gif9:;=>?HQZNS.objectsWNS.keys@ABCDEFGIJKLMNOP VServer]Last-Modified]Accept-RangesZConnectionTDate^Content-LengthTEtag\Content-Type_Apache/2.0.52 (Red Hat)_Sat, 09 Feb 2008 11:46:54 GMTUbytesUclose_Sat, 09 Feb 2008 19:12:31 GMTS158_"279ff-9e-43678780"12bccd6_NSMutableDictionary\NSDictionary12fgg6_NSHTTPURLResponseInternal12ijjk6_NSHTTPURLResponse]NSURLResponse$)2DILbd ,.02mr{ (38GLYs  ).2FlTOGIF89a-̙sf,-kH (`(~h꾙 ϫLߤ㽟`@qĒQK¤vٚjQќe!1-aۯ7<+>s_O1_ ;_8http://www.listserv.uga.edu/archives/images/ls1-prev.gif OLbplist00 Y$archiverX$versionT$topX$objects_NSKeyedArchiver _WebResourceResponse )/078#Ae= #Az b*+!-.WNS.base[NS.relative_8http://www.listserv.uga.edu/archives/images/ls1-next.gif1234X$classesZ$classname456UNSURLV%NSURLXNSObjectYimage/gif9:;=>?HQZNS.objectsWNS.keys@ABCDEFGIJKLMNOP VServer]Last-Modified]Accept-RangesZConnectionTDate^Content-LengthTEtag\Content-Type_Apache/2.0.52 (Red Hat)_Sat, 09 Feb 2008 11:46:54 GMTUbytesUclose_Sat, 09 Feb 2008 19:12:31 GMTS163_"27b14-a3-43678780"12bccd6_NSMutableDictionary\NSDictionary12fgg6_NSHTTPURLResponseInternal12ijjk6_NSHTTPURLResponse]NSURLResponse$)2DILbd ,.02mr{ (38GLYs  ).2FlTOGIF89a-Ͽ̙sf,-pH `(~h꾙 ϫLߤ NV c-Xӽ%#.O UjS\7ކ33Į(}L52z߇~`},1aaV ;_8http://www.listserv.uga.edu/archives/images/ls1-next.gif OQbplist00 Y$archiverX$versionT$topX$objects_NSKeyedArchiver _WebResourceResponse )/078#Ae=Ӏ#Az {!*+!-.WNS.base[NS.relative_=http://www.listserv.uga.edu/archives/images/ls1-prevtopic.gif1234X$classesZ$classname456UNSURLV%NSURLXNSObjectYimage/gif9:;=>?HQZNS.objectsWNS.keys@ABCDEFGIJKLMNOP VServer]Last-Modified]Accept-RangesZConnectionTDate^Content-LengthTEtag\Content-Type_Apache/2.0.52 (Red Hat)_Sat, 09 Feb 2008 11:46:54 GMTUbytesUclose_Sat, 09 Feb 2008 19:12:31 GMTS251_"27a1b-fb-43678780"12bccd6_NSMutableDictionary\NSDictionary12fgg6_NSHTTPURLResponseInternal12ijjk6_NSHTTPURLResponse]NSURLResponse$)2DILbd ,.02rw -8=LQ^x .37KlYOGIF89a-̙s̙fff33f,-0I̻! 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H;-(] 4D L1+҄Z7@2EKpS1YJ:H!=.| 6Po5O(i0ct 0圀ID>LEaƳO1p;P `J cǜR wATPBGs$SmPf(RS!lBWQ(tqeQ䒽wtPx0PS AD@A pP(??T? o?$@w0h$A8p;P<HpKAGgx< GMyhрH ` Xx@#` = `Tw\``_20t@1EO A l P)@W4  ؗ T,=4 a ` @nqb@ D0 %нJ&X$ H,8˥.;_/http://www.listserv.uga.edu/images/catalist.gifVWXYZ[\_WebResourceTextEncodingName_WebResourceFrameNameYtext/htmlO7SPSSX-L archives -- May 2001 (#50) LISTSERV at the University of Georgia
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Date:         Fri, 4 May 2001 11:40:18 -0500
Reply-To:     Adam McKee <Adam.Mckee@USM.EDU>
Sender:       "SPSSX(r) Discussion" <SPSSX-L@LISTSERV.UGA.EDU>
From:         Adam McKee <Adam.Mckee@USM.EDU>
Subject:      Re: How to select variables in a factor analysis
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii

I am convinced that multiple methods should be used to determine the number of factors to extract. I am also convinced that Parallel Analysis is the single best method. For an explanation and SPSS syntax for performing this test see Bruce Thompson's website at http://acs.tamu.edu/~bbt6147/article1/page206.html

In EFA it is important to remember that we are dealing with a more or less complex matrix of association. Item deletion can have dramatic effects on your FA output. Never forget the context of your research when making these decisions.

Adam J. McKee University of Southern Mississippi, Department of Criminal Justice

Adam.McKee@usm.edu

"Edgar F. Johns" wrote:

> In evaluating the variables in an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), I > usually look at the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure of sampling adequacy (MSA). > Rather than a cut-off value of .5, Kaiser developed the following rule of > thumb: <.5 = unacceptable; .5s = miserable; .6s = mediocre; .7s = middling, > .8s = meritorious; .9s = marvelous (Dziuban & Shirkey, 1974).Consequently, > if the overall value is less than .8, I'd consider it troubling. Dziuban & > Shirkey also provide a formula for obtaining the MSA for individual > variables. > > I also look at the final communality estimate (when using an iterative > procedure for estimating communalities). If the final estimate is close to > zero, you've got problems with that variable (at least with the current data > and mix of other variables). What to do about it depends - you might drop > it, retain it but request fewer factors to rotate, use an extraction method > that doesn't use iteration to determine the communality estimates - on your > situation and intent. > > Humphreys & Montanelli work produced the parallel analysis method for > determining the number of factors to retain. In using this method, you need > to calculate the eigenvalues from your correlation matrix with SMC's > (squared multiple correlations) in the diagonal (and no iterations) and > generate the scree from it. > > Hope this helps. > > Dziuban & Shirkey (1974). When is a correlation matrix appropriate for > factor analysis? Some decision rules. Psychological Bulletin, 81, 358-361. > > Humphreys, & Montanelli. (1975). An investigation of the parallel analysis > criterion for determining the number of common factors. Multivariate > Behavioral Research, 19, 193-206. > > Montanelli & Humphreys (1976). Latent roots of random data correlation > matrices with squared multiple correlations on the diagonal: A Monte Carlo > study. Psychometrika, 41, 341-348. > _____ > Edgar F. Johns <EdgarJohns@obik.com> > Obik, LLC > 2906 River Meadow Circle > Canton, MI 48188 > Tel. 734.495.1292, Fax 734.495.1981 > http://www.obik.com > > -----Original Message----- > From: SPSSX(r) Discussion [mailto:SPSSX-L@LISTSERV.UGA.EDU]On Behalf Of > Arthur J Kendall > Sent: Friday, May 04, 2001 8:57 AM > To: SPSSX-L@LISTSERV.UGA.EDU > Subject: Re: How to select variables in a factor analysis > > Sorry I don't have an exact citation. > Montanelli and Humphreys in the 70's factored many sets of random numbers. > They developed equations that input the number of cases, number of items, > and factor number and output a predicted eigenvalue. Users could > superimpose the curve from the predicted eigenvalues on the curve used in > the scree test. They suggested retaining only the number of factors where > the obtained eigenvalues were greater than those from the random data. I > went back over a couple dozen factor analyses where several stopping rules > were applied to ballpark the number of factors and interpretability > determined the number to retain. In most cases, the number retained > corresponded to (random eigenvalue + 1). This could be interpreted as 1 > variable's more variance than would be obtained from random data. > > If I were doing a FA today I would still use the approach of using a series > of stopping rules including M&H to ballbark the number to retain, but use > interpretability for the final determination. > > >>> Chris Howden <chowden@DLWC.NSW.GOV.AU> 05/04/01 12:46AM >>> > <snip> > Speaking of communalities it seems to me that a good PhD thesis would be to > establish a test which evaluates if the amount of variance accounted for in > a factor analysis could be attributed to chance, or if it is significant. > Then only those variables that have a 'significant' amount of their variance > explained would be retained in the factor model. This would allow a variable > selection process similar to that used in multiple regression to be used in > factor analysis. > > Christopher G Howden > Environmental Statistician > Dept Land & Water Conservation > (Office) 02 9895 7130 > (Mobile) 0410 689 945

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